1a) Explain briefly sexual reproduction in Rhizopus.
b)A student suddenly stepped on a big snake,he cried for help and ran away.
i)Name the hormone produces in the body for the reaction
ii)In which part of the human body is the hormone named in 1(ai) produced?
iii) State five changes that must have taken place as a results of the hormone named in 1(a)(i).
c)In a tabular form,state three differences between excretion in flowering plants and excretion in humans.
ii)List two organelles found in a plant cell that are responsible for the excretion of metabolic wastes.
2a)Explain how the leaf of a flowering plant is adapted for photosynthesis
b)Describe briefly the mode of feeding tapeworms
c)Name one mineral element each needed for the proper functioning of;
i)bones
ii)red blood cells
iii)thyroid gland
di)state three benefits of including roughage in the diet of humans
ii)state three reasons why proteins are important to humans
3ai)What is magnification?
ii)A student is provided with a specimen of Tilapia Of length 10cm.
The student made a drawing of the specimen of length 12cm.
Calculate the magnification of the drawing.
b)state three main characteristics features each of the members of the following phyla:
i)Arthropoda
ii)Nematoda
c)What is cellular respiration?
ii)state four ways of which ATP molecules are important in a living cell
4ai)What is sewage?
ii)state five effects of releasing untreated sewage into a stagnant water body.
b)Explain surface terracing as a soil conservation method.
c)Explain the term adaptation.
d)Explain two ways by which the following organisms adapt to their habitats:
i)hydrophytes;
ii)xerophytes
5a)Explain the following terms;
i)test cross
ii)monohybrid cross
b)In a mango plant,the allele for bean-shaped seed is r and is recessive to round-shaped seed R.With the aid of a genetic diagram,determine the genotypes of the offspring if:
i)a homozygous bean-shaped parent is crossed with a homozygous round shaped parent;
ii)a heterogeneous bean-shaped parent is crossed with a heterozygous round shaped parent.
State two difference between DNA and RNA
State four functions of the stem of a flowering plant.
List the stages involved in the treatment of water for public consumption
The illustration below is the DNA sequence from the beginning of a gene coding for an enzyme involved in photosynthesis.The upper line of bases represents the template strand.Study the illustration carefully and answer the question that follows:
TACTTAAGAG
ATGAAATTCTC
write the mRNA sequence that would be transcribed from the DNA sequence.
(a)(i) What is sexual reproduction?
(ii) Name four organs in mammals that produce sex hormones.
(iii) Name one sex hormone produced by each of the organs named in 3(a)(i).
(b) In a tabular form outline three differences between reproductions in lizards and birds.
(c) (i) How are identical twins forms in humans?
(ii) State three characteristics features of identical twins.
(a) (i) List two physical and two chemical barriers that prevent pathogens from penetrating the body of an organism.
(ii) Explain how vaccination protects the body from contracting infectious diseases.
(c) Distinguish between an antibody and an antigen.
(d) (i) What is respiration?
(ii) In a tabular form, state four differences between gaseous exchange and aerobic respiration
(a) What is photosynthesis?
List: (i) four external factors;
(ii) two internal factors; that affect the rate of photosynthesis.
(b) (i) List the major project's of the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.
(ii) State the importance of each of the products listed in 6(c) (i) above.
(iii) State why decomposers are important to flowering plants.
(a) (i) Describe epigeal germination of a seed.
(ii) In a tabular form, state three differences between epigeal germination and hypogeal germination.
(b) (i) What is seed dormancy?
(ii) State three ways by which dormancy in seeds can be broken..
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